PhD Vacancy - Thermal effects in cryogenic electronics for quantum computing

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07 Feb 2025
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Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Science and Engineering
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PhD

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PhD Vacancy - Thermal effects in cryogenic electronics for quantum computing

About the Role
Quantum computing (QC) research and development have reached an extremely exciting point. Decades of research by academia worldwide has brought us to the point where the commercial world is widely engaged. Despite this progress, there still exist major challenges for the development of practical and useful quantum computers. One of these challenges is the necessity of operating quantum processors at deep cryogenic temperatures. In fact, it is not trivial to generate the sophisticated control sequences made of multiple-channel high-frequency signals at room temperature and timely deliver them to a quantum system which is located in a fairly inaccessible and vacuum-tight cryostat. A promising solution is based on the realisation of reliable cryogenic electronics that could leverage the vast existing manufacturing infrastructure currently dedicated to conventional integrated circuits (IC), i.e. the Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology. Cryo-CMOS could be a key enabler for the scaling of the main QC platforms because it would make it possible to tightly integrate control, readout and quantum protocols by avoiding the so-called interconnect bottleneck with the room temperature control instrumentation. However, the operation of CMOS electronics at deep cryogenic temperatures requires stringent power management considerations, as well as a knowledge of the local environmental conditions of operation. In fact, each sub-component in a complex chip architecture may experience different local temperatures (even on the same chip) depending on the performed function and the amount of self-heating generated. Such temperatures may all substantially deviate from the base temperature of the cryostat, and real-life operation conditions create a significant departure from what can be modelled using traditional circuit simulation methods.

This PhD will focus on the development of experimental techniques for accurate on-chip thermal assessment and management. The student will address the following critical challenges: a) Development of novel on-die thermometry techniques using diodes, transistor gate electrodes and CMOS-compatible superconductors. b) Chip-scale thermal mapping based on local heat sources and sensors under realistic operational conditions for quantum computing. c) Thermally accurate circuit modelling aimed at both quantum and classical chip designs This project is part of a long-standing collaboration among three key players of the UK quantum landscape: a) the Quantum Technology Department at the National Physical Laboratory (London) b) Quantum Motion Technologies (London), a rapidly growing start-up enterprise which develops silicon-based quantum systems c) the Physics Department at the University of Strathclyde This 4-year PhD project is part of the EPSRC-funded Centre for Doctoral Training in Applied Quantum Technologies. As well as completing a PhD project in an aligned topic, CDT students will also benefit from technical and skills-based training in all aspects of quantum technologies.
About You
To be eligible for a fully funded UK home studentship you must: - be a UK national or UK/EU dual national or non-UK national with settled status / pre-settled status / indefinite leave to remain / indefinite leave to enter / discretionary leave / EU migrant worker in the UK or non-UK national with a claim for asylum or the family member of such a person, and - have ordinary residence in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man or British Overseas Territory, at the Point of Application, and - have three years residency in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man, British Overseas Territory or EEA before the relevant date of application unless residency outside of the UK/EEA has been of a temporary nature only and of a period less than six years.

There are a limited number of international studentships for exceptional candidates who do not meet the UK home status mentioned above. Candidates should check if they require an ATAS certificate; eligible nationalities are listed on GOV.UK (UK Foreign & Commonwealth Office). International candidates whose first language is not English must demonstrate their proficiency in the English language with IELTS certification or equivalent.

For informal inquiries get in touch with Dr Alessandro Rossi ([email protected]) and/or Dr Jonathan Fletcher ([email protected])”

Link to apply: https://www.aqt.ac.uk/apply/
About Us
The National Physical Laboratory (NPL) is a world-leading centre of excellence that provides cutting-edge measurement science, engineering and technology to underpin prosperity and quality of life in the UK.

NPL and DSIT have strong commitments to diversity and equality of opportunity, and welcome applications from candidates irrespective of their background, gender, race, sexual orientation, religion, or age, providing they meet the required criteria. Applications from women, disabled and black, Asian and minority ethnic candidates in particular are encouraged. All disabled candidates (as defined by the Equality Act 2010) who satisfy the minimum criteria for the role will be guaranteed an interview under the Disability Confident Scheme.

At NPL, we believe our success is a result of the diversity and talent of our people. We strive to nurture and respect individuals to ensure everyone feels valued by treating everyone on the basis of their own individual merits and abilities regardless of their own or perceived identity, as part of our commitment to diversity & inclusion, we hold memberships and accreditations to ensure we’re creating an environment where all our colleagues feel supported and welcome, please see our Diversity & Inclusion page.

We are committed to the health and well-being of our employees. Flexible working and social activities are embedded in our culture to create a positive work-life balance, along with a broad range of benefits. Our values are at the heart of what we do, and they shape the way we interact, develop our people and celebrate success.

To ensure everyone has an equal chance, we’re always willing to make reasonable adjustments to the recruitment process. If you would like to discuss, please contact us.